In some Asian cuisines, the buds are pickled and used to flavor rice and scent tea. grandiflora are pickled and used as a spicy condiment. The flowers of many species are considered edible. The last two species must be planted where high winds are not a frequent problem because of the large size of their leaves. In the eastern United States, five native species are frequently in cultivation: M. One of the most popular garden magnolias, M. Hybridisation has been immensely successful in combining the best aspects of different species to give plants which flower at an earlier age than the parent species, as well as having more impressive flowers. Others flower in late spring or early summer, including M. × soulangeana (saucer magnolia) flower quite early in the spring, before the leaves open.
In general, the genus Magnolia has attracted horticultural interest. Star magnolia from botanical gardens, Halifax, Nova Scotia Etymology Ĭharles Plumier (1646–1704) described a flowering tree from the island of Martinique in his Genera, giving it the name Magnolia, after the French botanist Pierre Magnol. Dandy in 1927, have long had an interest in observing fruits of Magnoliaceae and have often used the differences, or perceived differences, in fruit characters to justify systems for classification. The pollen is monocolpate, and the embryo development is of the Polygonum type. The fruit dehisces along the dorsal sutures of the carpels.
The flowers are bisexual with numerous adnate carpels and stamens are arranged in a spiral fashion on the elongated receptacle. Īs with all Magnoliaceae, the perianth is undifferentiated, with 9–15 tepals in 3 or more whorls. Cone-like fruits are often produced in Autumn. In deciduous species the blooms often appear before the leaves, in Spring. Magnolias are spreading, evergreen or deciduous trees or shrubs, characterised by large fragrant flowers which may be bowl-shaped or star-shaped, in shades of white, pink, purple, green or yellow. Magnolia seeds and fruit on a tree in northern Argentina The natural range of Magnolia species is a disjunct distribution, with a main center in east and southeast Asia and a secondary center in eastern North America, Central America, the West Indies, and some species in South America. Magnolia shares the tepal characteristic with several other flowering plants near the base of the flowering plant lineage such as Amborella and Nymphaea (as well as with many more recently derived plants such as Lilium). Another aspect of Magnolia considered to represent an ancestral state is that the flower bud is enclosed in a bract rather than in sepals the perianth parts are undifferentiated and called tepals rather than distinct sepals and petals. acuminata have been found dating to 20 million years ago, and of plants identifiably belonging to the Magnoliaceae date to 95 million years ago. To avoid damage from pollinating beetles, the carpels of Magnolia flowers are extremely tough. Appearing before bees evolved, the flowers are theorized to have evolved to encourage pollination by beetles. It is named after French botanist Pierre Magnol. Magnolia is a large genus of about 210 flowering plant species in the subfamily Magnolioideae of the family Magnoliaceae.
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